10 Most Popular Buddhist Temples in Sri Lanka

As you step foot onto the exotic emerald island of Sri Lanka, you’ll feel the weight of its ancient history and rich culture all around you. But what truly sets this place apart is its deep connection to Buddhism, which has been ingrained in its very essence for centuries.

The many Buddhist temples scattered throughout Sri Lanka are a testament to this fact. These sacred pilgrimage sites are steeped in spirituality, and each one holds its own special significance for those seeking to connect with a higher power and find inner peace.

Of all the temples in Sri Lanka, the Temple of the Tooth in Kandy stands out as one of the most important. Here, visitors can bask in the presence of the sacred tooth relic of Lord Buddha himself, feeling the powerful energy and deep reverence that permeates this holy site.

But the Temple of the Tooth is just one of many such pilgrimage sites throughout Sri Lanka. From the ancient cities to the stunning rock towns, this country is home to countless other temples that offer visitors the chance to learn about the history, traditions, and practices of Buddhism in Sri Lanka.

Whether you’re seeking to deepen your spiritual practice, learn about a new culture, or simply bask in the beauty of this unique and enchanting country, a visit to one of these sacred Buddhist sites is an experience not to be missed. So why wait? Embark on a journey of self-discovery and enlightenment today, and let the magic of Sri Lanka’s Buddhist temples transform you from the inside out.

Importance of Buddhism in Sri Lanka

Buddhism has been a part of Sri Lanka’s culture for over 2,000 years, and it’s deeply embedded in the country’s way of life. With over 14,000 temples scattered across the island, Sri Lanka is a significant center of Buddhist worship. These temples serve as important cultural and spiritual centers, where devotees come to pray, meditate, and seek guidance.

Top Buddhist Temples in Sri Lanka

Here are some of the most famous and significant Buddhist temples in Sri Lanka:

1. Dambulla Cave Temple

The Dambulla Cave Temple, also known as the Golden Temple of Dambulla, is a UNESCO World Heritage site and one of the most impressive cave temples in Sri Lanka. The temple complex is made up of five caves, which are adorned with intricate murals and over 150 Buddha statues.

The largest cave houses a 14-meter-long reclining Buddha statue, while the other caves contain impressive collections of Buddha statues and murals.

Overview: A UNESCO World Heritage Site, Dambulla Cave Temple is the largest and best-preserved cave temple complex in Sri Lanka, dating back to the 1st century BCE.

Highlights:

Five caves containing over 150 statues of Buddha, gods, and kings.
Intricate murals covering over 2,100 square meters, depicting Buddhist teachings.
Stunning views of the surrounding plains from the temple’s entrance.

Best Time to Visit: Early morning or late afternoon for fewer crowds and cooler weather.

How to Reach:

By Air: Bandaranaike International Airport, Colombo (148 km).
By Road: Regular buses and taxis from Kandy or Sigiriya.

Tips: Wear comfortable footwear for the short hike and modest clothing as it’s a sacred site.

2. Pidurangala Royal Cave Temple

The Pidurangala Royal Cave Temple is located near the famous Sigiriya Rock Fortress and is known for its stunning panoramic views of the surrounding landscape.

The temple is built into a large cave and features a reclining Buddha statue, as well as other murals and sculptures. Visitors must climb a steep staircase to reach the temple, but the views from the top make the climb well worth it.

Overview: Located near Sigiriya Rock, this lesser-known temple is a serene retreat offering a blend of history and breathtaking views.

Highlights:

A large reclining Buddha statue within the ancient cave monastery.
Panoramic views of Sigiriya and surrounding landscapes from the summit.
Rustic pathways and an authentic spiritual ambiance.

Best Time to Visit: Sunrise for a spectacular view of Sigiriya Rock.

How to Reach: By Road a 10-minute drive from Sigiriya, accessible via tuk-tuks or private vehicles.

Tips: Combine your visit with Sigiriya for a full-day adventure and enjoy the less crowded Pidurangala.

Read Also: Top Tourist Attractions in Sri Lanka to Visit in October

3. Mihintale Temple

Mihintale Temple is located in the Anuradhapura district and is considered the birthplace of Buddhism in Sri Lanka. The temple complex features several ancient structures, including a stupa, a monastery, and a rock shelter.

Visitors can climb to the top of the mountain to reach the temple and enjoy breathtaking views of the surrounding countryside.

Overview: Regarded as the birthplace of Buddhism in Sri Lanka, Mihintale is where Mahinda, the son of Emperor Ashoka, introduced Buddhism to the island.

Highlights:

Ancient ruins, stupas, and a sacred Bodhi tree.
A challenging yet rewarding climb to the summit, offering panoramic views.
Stone inscriptions detailing the history of Buddhism in Sri Lanka.

Best Time to Visit: Early morning or evening to avoid the midday heat.

How to Reach: By Road 12 km from Anuradhapura, accessible by tuk-tuks or buses.

Tips: Wear sturdy shoes and be prepared for a climb of over 1,840 steps.

4. Rumassala Temple

The Rumassala Temple is located in the Galle district and is said to be the site where Hanuman, the monkey god, brought medicinal herbs to heal wounded soldiers during the epic Ramayana battle.

The temple is perched on a hilltop overlooking the sea and features a large statue of Hanuman, as well as several other Hindu and Buddhist deities.

Overview: This tranquil temple, perched on Rumassala Hill, is associated with the Ramayana legend and offers a mix of mythology and spirituality.

Highlights:

Unique medicinal herbs said to be brought by Hanuman.
Serene views of the Indian Ocean and Galle Harbor.
Quiet atmosphere ideal for meditation and reflection.

Best Time to Visit: Evening for stunning sunset views.

How to Reach: By Road Near Unawatuna Beach, accessible by tuk-tuks or private cars.

Tips: Explore the nearby Jungle Beach for a relaxing day out.

5. Sri Dalada Maligawa (Temple of the Tooth)

The Sri Dalada Maligawa, or Temple of the Tooth, is one of the most sacred Buddhist temples in Sri Lanka. Located in the city of Kandy, the temple houses a tooth relic believed to belong to the Buddha himself.

The temple complex features several impressive structures, including the main shrine, the audience hall, and the royal palace.

The Sri Dalada Maligawa, also known as the Temple of the Tooth Relic, is one of the most sacred places of worship for Buddhists worldwide.

It is located in the city of Kandy and houses a tooth relic of the Buddha, which is believed to bring good fortune and blessings to those who visit.

Overview: One of the most sacred Buddhist sites, this temple houses the revered tooth relic of Lord Buddha.

Highlights:

Daily rituals performed three times a day by monks.
Intricately decorated shrine rooms and a golden canopy over the temple.
Sacred cultural performances during the Kandy Esala Perahera festival.

Best Time to Visit: Early morning or during the evening rituals.

How to Reach:

By Train: Well-connected from Colombo or Nuwara Eliya.
By Road: Buses and taxis are readily available to Kandy.

Tips: Dress conservatively and arrive early to avoid crowds.

6. Seema Malaka Temple

The Seema Malaka Temple is located in the heart of Colombo, on the serene Beira Lake. The temple is unique in that it is built on three separate platforms, connected by a series of bridges.

The temple complex features several Buddha statues and offers a peaceful respite from the bustling city streets.

Overview: Located on Beira Lake in Colombo, this temple is a modern architectural gem designed by Geoffrey Bawa.

Highlights:

Floating pavilions surrounded by tranquil waters.
A peaceful retreat for meditation and contemplation.
Nearby Gangaramaya Temple offers an extensive collection of Buddhist artifacts.

Best Time to Visit: Late afternoon or evening for a serene ambiance.

How to Reach: By Road Centrally located in Colombo, easily accessible by public transport or taxis.

Tips: Pair your visit with Gangaramaya Temple for a complete cultural experience.

7. Temple of the Tooth Relic

The Temple of the Tooth Relic, also known as Sri Dalada Maligawa, is located in the city of Kandy. It is considered one of the most sacred places of worship for Buddhists worldwide.

The temple houses a tooth relic of the Buddha, which is believed to bring good fortune and blessings to those who visit.

8. Kandy Esala Perahera

The Kandy Esala Perahera is an annual festival held in Kandy to honor the Sacred Tooth Relic. The festival takes place in July or August and is a vibrant display of Sri Lankan culture.

The festival features a parade of elephants, traditional dancers, drummers, and fire dancers.

Overview: One of the grandest Buddhist festivals in Sri Lanka, the Esala Perahera is a colorful procession celebrating the sacred tooth relic.

Highlights:

Kandyan dancers, drummers, and elephants adorned with elaborate decorations.
Held annually in July or August, attracting pilgrims and tourists worldwide.

Best Time to Visit: During the 10-day festival period.

Tips: Book accommodations well in advance, as Kandy gets crowded during this time.

9. Ruwanwelisaya Stupa

The Ruwanwelisaya Stupa is one of the most famous Buddhist stupas in Sri Lanka. It is located in the city of Anuradhapura and is considered an essential pilgrimage site for Buddhists.

The stupa is believed to contain relics of the Buddha and is a symbol of Sri Lanka’s rich cultural heritage.

Overview: Built by King Dutugemunu in the 2nd century BCE, this massive stupa is a symbol of unity and spiritual significance.

Highlights:

A gleaming white dome surrounded by smaller stupas and statues.
Evening illumination and rituals offer a magical atmosphere.

Best Time to Visit: Early morning or evening.

How to Reach: By Road Located in Anuradhapura, accessible by buses and taxis.

Tips: Wear modest clothing and respect the rituals being performed.

10. Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi

The Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi is one of the oldest living trees in the world and a sacred Buddhist pilgrimage site. The tree is believed to be a sapling from the original Bodhi tree in India under which the Buddha attained enlightenment.

The Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi is located in Anuradhapura and is visited by thousands of devotees every year.

Overview: One of the oldest living trees in the world, grown from a sapling of the Bodhi Tree under which Buddha attained enlightenment.

Highlights:

A sacred pilgrimage site visited by thousands annually.
Ritual offerings, including flowers and oil lamps, create a vibrant atmosphere.

Best Time to Visit: Morning or evening for meditation and prayers.

How to Reach: By Road Centrally located in Anuradhapura.

Tips: Visit during Poya days to experience the spiritual fervor.

11. Anuradhapura

Anuradhapura is an ancient city located in the Northern Province of Sri Lanka. It was the first capital of Sri Lanka and is considered a significant pilgrimage site for Buddhists.

The city is home to several ancient Buddhist temples and stupas, including the Ruwanwelisaya Stupa and the Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi.

Overview: A UNESCO World Heritage Site and the ancient capital of Sri Lanka, Anuradhapura is a treasure trove of Buddhist monuments.

Highlights:

Ancient stupas like Ruwanwelisaya and Jetavanaramaya.
Monasteries, ponds, and the sacred Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi.

Best Time to Visit: November to April.

How to Reach:

By Train: Regular trains from Colombo and Kandy.
By Road: Accessible by buses and taxis.

Tips: Hire a local guide to fully appreciate the historical and spiritual significance.

12. Polonnaruwa

Polonnaruwa is another ancient city in Sri Lanka and a UNESCO World Heritage site. The city was the second capital of Sri Lanka and is home to several impressive Buddhist temples and ruins.

Some of the most famous temples in Polonnaruwa include the Lankatilaka Temple and the Gal Vihara.

Overview: Another UNESCO World Heritage Site, showcasing the grandeur of Sri Lanka’s medieval capital.

Highlights:

The iconic Gal Vihara featuring four colossal Buddha statues carved from granite.
The remains of ancient palaces and beautifully preserved stupas.

Best Time to Visit: November to April.

How to Reach:

By Train: From Colombo or Anuradhapura.
By Road: Accessible by buses and private vehicles.

Tips: Rent a bicycle to explore the ruins comfortably.

How to Reach these Temples

The best way to reach these famous Buddhist temples in Sri Lanka is by hiring a driver or taking a tour. Most temples are located in remote areas, and public transportation can be limited. Hiring a driver or taking a tour will ensure that you can easily navigate the country’s roads and reach each temple safely.

Tips for Visiting Buddhist Temples in Sri Lanka

Here are some essential tips for visiting Buddhist temples in Sri Lanka:

Dress modestly and respectfully. Cover your shoulders and knees and avoid wearing revealing clothing.
Remove your shoes before entering the temple.
Don’t take photos or videos of Buddha statues or devotees without permission.
Be quiet and respectful during prayer and meditation times.
Follow the rules and regulations of each temple.

Conclusion

Sri Lanka is home to some of the most magnificent and sacred Buddhist temples in the world. These temples are not only essential pilgrimage sites for Buddhists, but they are also important cultural and spiritual centers. By following our guide on how to reach these temples and our tips for visiting them, you can experience the beauty and serenity of Sri Lanka’s Buddhist heritage.

FAQs

Is it necessary to hire a driver or take a tour to visit these temples?

While it's not necessary, it's recommended, as public transportation can be limited and the roads can be difficult to navigate.

Can I take photos inside the temples?

It's best to ask for permission before taking photos or videos inside the temples, especially of Buddha statues or devotees.

Are there any dress codes I should be aware of when visiting Buddhist temples in Sri Lanka?

Yes, it's best to dress modestly and respectfully, covering your shoulders and knees.

Are there any entrance fees for these temples?

Yes, some temples do charge entrance fees for tourists.

What is the best time of year to visit Sri Lanka's Buddhist temples?

The best time to visit is during the dry season, from December to March, when the weather is pleasant and the skies are clear.

Further Reading:

12 Most Famous Buddhist Temples in Sri Lanka

Importance of Buddhism in Sri Lanka